The meaning of life for Plato was to attain the highest form of knowledge, which was the Idea of the Good. Coming from the Idea which “all things that are good and just gain their usefulness and value.” (Wikipedia) The duty of humans is to pursue the good, and to keep in mind that no one can hope to do this successfully without “philosophical reasoning” (Wiki), which will allow for true knowledge.
Happiness is most generally used when defining the meaning of life. The definition ladies and gentlemen…
–noun
1. the quality or state of being happy.
2. good fortune; pleasure; contentment; joy.
Ancient philosophers said that the best life and the happy life were both the same. Some of these philosophers were the Stoics and the Epicurus.
Stoicism was one of the new philosophical movements of the Hellenistic period. The name comes from the porch (stoa poikilê) in the Agora at Athens decorated with mural paintings. Which is where the members of the school came together and held their lectures. The Stoics believed that emotions like fear or envy (or sexual attachments, or passionate love) arose from false judgments and someone who had obtained moral and intellectual perfection would not endure them.
Epicurus (341–270 B.C.) was the founder for one of the major philosophies of ancient Greece. Mostly by laying the intellectual foundations for modern science as well as secular individualism. His thoughts are still quite relevant twenty-three centuries after they were first taught in his school in Athens, called “the Garden.”
His main world-view stresses that “philosophy can liberate one from fears of death and the supernatural, and can teach us how to find happiness in almost any situation.” (Epicurus.net)
With life comes death, which would need to be understood in order to understand life. Everything comes to an end at some point. Death being defined has been difficult for centuries, depending on culture, social conditions, and the role of the medical profession. Ideas have changed historically and how our newest definitions may not yet be adequate for death's meanings.
–noun
1.the act of dying; the end of life; the total and permanent cessation of all the vital functions of an organism. Compare brain death.
2.an instance of this: a death in the family; letters published after his death.
3.the state of being dead: to lie still in death.
4.extinction; destruction: It will mean the death of our hopes.
5.manner of dying: a hero's death.
6.(usually initial capital letter) the agent of death personified, usually represented as a man or a skeleton carrying a scythe. Compare Grim Reaper.
7.Also called spiritual death. loss or absence of spiritual life.
8.Christian Science. the false belief that life comes to an end.
9.bloodshed or murder: Hitler was responsible for the death of millions.
10.a cause or occasion of death: You'll be the death of me yet!
11.Archaic. pestilence; plague. Compare Black Death.
With the meaning of life there is also feelings of a meaningless life, let me help you put this into perspective. Some people will feel that what is the point if we are just going to die eventually and not know when that is going to occur.
“What is it about our lives that makes so many people feel that life is ultimately meaningless? The fact that we all will eventually die is one reason for this feeling, but it is not the only reason. The other main reason why many people feel that life is ultimately meaningless is that, as far as science can tell, there is no greater purpose for our lives.” (Augustine)
I think I would prefer looking at it in a positive manner… “What makes our lives meaningful is that we find the activities we engage in to be worthwhile. Our determination to carry out projects we have created for ourselves gives our lives meaning.” (Augustine)
Works Cited
Augustine, Keith . "Death and the Meaning of Life." Secular Web: Atheism, Agnosticism, Naturalism, Skepticism and Secularism. 3 June 2008
Baltzly, Dirk . "Stoicism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 3 June 2008
Cook, Vincent . "Epicurus and Epicurean Philosophy." Epicurus and Epicurean Philosophy. 14 Dec. 1996. 3 June 2008
"Meaning of life - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Main Page - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 3 June 2008
Rachels, James, and Stuart Rachels. Problems from Philosophy. Boston: Mcgraw
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